Type-writing machine.



4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

Fig.1

WITNESSES 92% 1 a: ncnms Pinks cc, Pwo'nulma. WASHINGTON, n, c.

No. 758,252. PATENTED APR. '26, 1904-.

P. w. Human. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPHOATIOH YILBD OUT B 1903 I H0 IODBL.

: mvsumn nu. norms vzrens ca. Puuwuwm wAsMmt-TON. n. c

No. 753,252. I PATENTED APR. 26,1904.

1?. W., HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING'MAGHINE APPLICATION P113317 001'. a, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE-hams mznsugg-ngammmwnnmcmu. n. c.

PATENTED APR. 26,- 1904.

F. W. HILLARDQ TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0018, 1903.

4 SHBET88HIEBT 4.

I0 MLQDEL.

wzrussss:

,mvbvr o n a. m EM flu: nouns rains w, momma. wmmsmn. u. :1.

UNITED STATES Patented April 26, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

\ SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,252, dated April 26, 1904.

Application filed October 6, 1903.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIG W. HILLARD, a resident of Tottenville, in the borough of Richmond, city and State of New York, (whose p'ost-office address is 287 Broad way, New York city, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-\Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in the typebar system of type-writing machines wherein the several type-heads are each provided with two (or more) printing characters arranged, respectively, for upper and lower case printing by the usual sidewise movement either of the platen relatively to the type-bars or of the type-bars relatively to the platen.

In the drawings I have only shown those parts which are necessary to illustrate the invention; but I intend to apply the invention to a visible-writing machine, preferably of the style shown in the drawings herein.

The invention is also particularly applicable to front-strike typewriters of the well-. known Underwood style.

In the drawings which form a part of this specification, Figure l'is a front view of the type-bar frames with one type-bar shown in the printing position and several other bars in their positions of rest, many of the bars and their hangers being removed from the frames and not shown. The figure also shows the platenor printing-cylinder. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the whole set of type-bars developed or spread out in a plane with the several type-bars arranged in the same order relatively to each other that they are arranged in when in the machine. Fig. 3 is afront view showing one method of mounting my system of type-bars in a machine. Fig. 4 is a side View of the machine shown in Fig. 3.

The platen l is hung in the carriage, as usual,

and moves with the carriage lengthwise of the Serial No. 175,992. (No model.)

hangers in central frame 5 are screwed to the frame side by side in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing-point; but the pivots for the type-bars are placed, in the wellknown Remington style, alternately near the upper and lower faces of the hangers, so that the pivots lie alternately above and below each other in the arc of the circle to allow greater length for the several type-bar pivots.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have illustrated my preferred method of connecting the several typebars 2- with their respective key-levers 8. A connecting-wire 9 is hooked at its lower end into the short arm of each type-bar, and at its upper end each connecting-wire is hooked into the arm 0 of rock-shaft l0, each rock-shaft being provided with a rocker-arm c, into which the connecting-wire 9 is hooked, and with a rocker-arm (Z, into which is hooked the upper end of the connecting-wire 11, which serves to connect each rock-shaft with its key-lever 8. The rocker-arms a (Z are placed on the opposite sides of the rock-shafts, so that when the connected key-lever is depressed, as by a blow on a key 12, thus pulling down the connecting-wire 11, together with the armal, and rocking the rock-shaft 10, the arm 0 will be lifted, thus lifting the connecting-wire 9 and the short arm of the type-bar into which it is hooked and swinging the long arm of the type-bar and the type-head 7 thereon to the printingpoint at the platen 1.

In Fig. l the platen is shown in full lines in the lower-case position and in dotted lines in the upper case position. When at the printingpoint, each type-head 7 stands perpendicular tothe line of print, as shown in Fig. 1, and therefore the several type-heads are mounted on their respective bars at varying angles corresponding to the respective positions of the several type bars about the printing-point. Thus the type-heads on the bars below the printing-pointand in line therewith ,on frame 5 are parallel to their bars or approximate to parallel therewith, while the type-heads on the bars to the left and to the right of the central bars incline from parallel with their bars in successively-increasing oblique angles toward both ends of the frame; but on none of the bars in frame 5 is the obliquity of the type-heads so great but that the several bars thereon can be of substantially uniformle'ngths and pivoted in the arc of a circle Concentric with the printing-point, as I have shown them in the drawings, so that the several heads can lie snugly side by side when at rest at substantially uniform distances from the printing-point, although theheads on the bars at either end of the frame slightly overlap one another. If, however, the central frame were made to extend through a much greater are, the type-heads on the bars farther around toward the sides of the machine would overlap one another to such a degree as to collide with each other if they were arranged to lie snugly side by side, as they do in frame 5. The main purpose of my invention is to avoid this difficulty, which I do by providing series of heads on the bars at the sides of the machine which not only overlap each other, but also overreach each other, as I will now describe.

On the side frames 4 and 6 the type-heads on the bars which are pivoted in the central part of the frames directly to the left and directly to the right of the printing-point are mounted substantially perpendicular to their bars, while the heads on the bars above and below said central bars, although not mounted perpendicularly to their bars, are mounted thereon at considerable obliquity from parallel, so that, considered as a series, the typeheads on the bars below the line of print in either frame 4 or 6 cannot lie snugly together side by side when at rest .at equal distances from the printing-point, and the same is true of the heads on the bars above the line of print. Therefore in order that the type-heads on frames 4 and 6 may-lie snugly side by side I have so arranged their bars that the several heads will overlap each other and also overreach each other at successively-varying distances from the printing-point when at rest. Thus the type-head on the bar which is pivoted next adjacent to the line of print is approximately perpendicular to its bar and is overlapped and overreach ed by the type-h ead on the bar pivoted the second one away from the line of print, which in turn is overlapped and overreached by the third head away from the line-of print, and so on to the head of the bar which is pivoted at the end of its series most remote from the line of print. Therefore the head on any intermediate bar in a side series overlaps and overreaches the head lying next it on one side and is overlapped and overreached by the head lying next it on the opposite side. -I use the term overreach in the sense of reaching above or lying farther away from the printing-point. It is obvious that the overreaching of the adjacent heads counteracts the overlapping of the heads in the side series and enables me to pack them as snugly together without crowding as they can be packed in the central series on frame 5. It is also apparent that the head that is nearest to perpendicular with its bar is overreached by all of the other heads in; its series and that successively each head overreaches all of the heads that are nearer than it to perpendicular with their bars and is in turn overreached by all the heads in the series which are more oblique than it from perpendicular to their bars. Hence I mount the head next adjacent to the line of print on the shortest bar and the succeeding heads on. successively-longer bars to the end of the series most remote from the line of print. Accordingly in the two series, the one in frame 4 and the other in frame 6, above the line of print the longest bar is the uppermost one and the shortest bar the lowermost one in its series, while in the two series below the line of print the order is reversed, the lowermost bar being the longest one in its series and the uppermost one the shortest in the series.

My entire system of type-heads and typebars, as shown in the drawings, embraces five series-viz, first, acentral series (on frame 5) below and in front of the printing-point, in which all of the bars are substantially uniform in length and pivoted at equal distances from the printing-point, with the type-heads thereon either parallel with their bars or only slightly oblique from parallel, so that they can lie snugly side by side at equal distances from the printingpoint; second, two side series (on frame 4) the one above and the other in reverse order below the line of print at the left of the printing-point, comprising bars of successively-varying lengths pivoted at successively-varying distances from the printing-point, with the shortest bar in each series pivoted next adjacent to the shortest bar in the series on the opposite side of the line of print, with the type-heads on these two shortest bars the nearest to perpendicular to their bars of any in their respective series and lying end to end with each other on the opposite sides of the line of print and overlapped and overreached by the succeeding type-heads in their series and with the several heads in the series all mounted at considerable obliquity from parallel with their bars, so that they cannot lie snugly side by side at equal distances from the printingpoint, but can snugly overlap and overreach each other and lie side by side at varying distances from the printing-point, and, third, two similar side series of bars and heads at the right of the (I printing-point, (in frame 6.) By thus systematizing and positioning the type-bars and typeheads in the several side series I am enabled to provide the largest possible clearance-room for the type-heads, because the upwardly-projecting end of each type-head overreaches and overlaps the do'wnwardly-projecting end of the next adjacent head and the upwardly-projecting end of the one head is always on the :longer and the downwardly-projecting end of the other on the shorter of two adjacent bars, so that the amount of clearance-room between two adjacent heads is always the difference between the length of the longer bar plus the distance its head inclines upward and the length of the shorter bar minus the distance its head inclines downwardthat is, by making the shortest end of each series the one the downwardly-extending end of each head would be on the longer bar and would interfere with and collide with the upwardly eX tending end of the head on the next succeeding shorter bar. By thus systematizing and positioning the type-bars and type-heads I also preserve a inedi'um length for a large proportion of the bars, because by my arrangement all of the bars in the central series on frame 5 are of the medium length, as well as the central bars in the four side series in frames & and 6.

I preferably make the longest bar in each series in the frames 4 and 6 longer than the printing.

bring the entire printing-line in view of the bars in frame 5, which latter are all of sub.- stantially uniform length, and the shortest bar in each of frames a and 6 shorter than the bars in frame 5, securing by this arrangement the largest clearance without unduly varying the lengths of the several type-bars in the machine.

Inthe drawings I have shown the type-bars so arranged that the typeheads utilize practically all of the clearance room in about threequarters of the angular space surrounding the printing-point, leaving the upper, quarter thereof open. In this arrangement the portion ofthe line of print back offrames 4, and 6 is out of view of the operator, the printing-point and remainder of the line of.

print being in view ofth'e operator when Incase it should 'be' desirable to operator while printing it is obvious that this can readily be accomplished by making the framest and 6 each in two parts, cutting away the portions thereof in front of the printing-line, and removing the two shortest type-bars and their hangers 3 from the ma- I chine.

In the drawings I have indicated thelower case characters on the type-heads 7 by the reference-letter a and the upper-case characters by the reference-letter 5, the entire set of lower-case characters a and upper-case characters 6 being alined in the machine to all print at the common printing-point.

While I have shown my preferred form in the drawings, it is obvious that it may be considerably altered without departing from the spirit of my invention, and-I do not Wish to limit myself to the precise form shown.

In its broader aspect my invention comprises a central series of type-bars and one or more side series at each end of the central series, with the type-bars in the side series successively varying in length and the shortest bar in either slde seriesmounted the nearest one ln its series to the line of print, By

a central series of, type bars I mean a series comprising a plurality of type-bars in a group so arranged and placed in the machine that a line drawn perpendicular to the line of print and .passing through the printing-point will bisect the series. Preferably,

but not necessarily, such central-series comprises type-bars all substantially uniform in.

length and pivoted, as I have shown them, in

the arc ofa circle concentric with the printingpoint; but I do not intend, to limit my claims to such preferred form, excepting where they are in terms so limited. r

I do not in this applicationclaim the mechan ism connecting the type-bars and key-levers shown herein, as the same forms thesubject- .matter of my prior applicatiom Serial No. 603,845, filed August 25, 1896.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat-,- lent, is

1. The combination, with a iplurality of type-bars mounted inacentral series, of a side series at each end of said central series, comprising a plurality oftype-bars of successivelyvarying lengths, with the longestbars in each central series and mounted at, the ends of of said side serieslonger than any: bar in said their respective series next adjacent to the. said central series, substantially as described. 2. Thecombination, witha plurality of.

type-bars mounted in a central series, of a side series at each end of saidc entral series, com:

prisinga plurality of typedoars of successivelyvarying lengths, with the shortest bars in each their respectiveseries farthest from the said central series, substantially as. described.

.of said side series shorter than any bar in said-3 3. he combination, with the typesbars, of i a central series of type-heads thereon eachbearing a plurality ofcharacters, arranged to print at a common point and to lie side by side when at rest, and two series of type-heads,;

arranged the one in reverse order of the other, at each end of saidv central series, each bearinga plurality of characters, arranged to overlap and overreach each other when at rest and to print at said common point, substan- I-.

tially as described.

4. The combination, with a central series of type-bars ofsubstantially uniform lengths, of

two side series of type-bars at each end of said central series, the one on one side of the line of print and the other in reverse order on the opposite side, each comprising a plurality of type-bars of successively-varying lengths,

- with type-heads mounted obliquely thereon and each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to print at a common printing-point, and to lie, when at rest, overlapping and overreaching each other, the arrangement being such that the type-head which is mounted on any bar of a side series overreaches all of the type-heads in the series which are mounted-on shorter bars and is overreached by all of the type-heads which are mounted on longer bars.

5. The combination, in a central series of type-bars, of type-heads thereon each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to print at a common printing-point, and to lie, when at rest, side by side at substantially uniform distances from said printing-point, and a side series of type-bars at each end of said central series, the type-heads on said side series each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to print at said printing-point, and to lie, when at rest, the one overlapping and overreaching the other, with the type-head on the type-bar, in each of the two said side series, which is pivoted next adjacent to the central series, 1ying the farthest in its series from the printing-poin t and farther therefrom than the typeheads in said central series, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in a central series of type-bars, of type-heads thereon each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to print at a common printing-point, and to lie, when at rest, side by side at substantially uniform distances from said printing-point, and a side series of type-bars at each end of said central series, the type-heads on said side series each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to print at said printing-point, and to lie, when at rest, the one overlapping and overreaching the other, with the type-head on the type-bar, in each of said side series, which is pivoted the most remote in its series from the central series, lying the nearest in its series to the printing-point and nearer thereto than the type-heads in said central series, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a central series of type-bars, of two side series of type-bars, arranged the one in reverse order to the other, at both ends of said central series, the typeheads on the bars in the several side series each bearing a plurality of characters arranged to .print at a common printing-point, and to lie,

8. The combination of a plurality of typebars all of substantially uniform length and, pivoted in a central series in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing-point, and a plurality of type-bars of successively-varying lengths pivoted in a' series at each end of said central series, with the longest bar in each of the two last-mentioned series longer than the bars in said central series and pivoted at the ends of their respective series next adjacent to said central series, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a plurality of typebars all of substantially uniform length and pivoted in a central series in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing-point, and a plurality of type-bars of successively-varying lengths pivoted in a series ateach end of said central series, with the shortest bar in each of the two last-mentioned series shorter than the bars in said central series. and pivoted at the ends of their respective series farthest from said central series, substantially as described.

10. The combination of a series of type-bars arranged to print at a common point and pivoted in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing-point, and two series of type-bars at one end of said first-mentioned series, mounted the one series on one side of the printingline and the other series in reverse order on the opposite side of the printing-line,the typebars in said two last-mentioned series being arranged to print at said common point and pivoted at successively-varying distances therefrom, and type-heads on said bars each bearing a plurality of characters, substantially as described.

11. The combination of a plurality of typebars all of substantially uniform length and pivoted in a series in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing point, and a series of type-bars of successively-varying lengths at each end of said first-mentioned series, the longest bar in each of the two last-mentioned series being longer than, and the shortest bar shorter than the bars of said first-mentioned series, substantially as described.

12. The combination of a plurality of typebars all of substantially uniform length, pivoted in a series in the arc of a circle concentric with the printing-point, and a plurality of type-bars of successively-varying lengths pivoted in two series, the one series on one side of the printing-line and the other series in reverse order on the opposite side of the printing-line, at one end of said first-mentioned series, the longest bar in each of the two latter series being longer than, and the shortest bar shorter than the bars of said firstmentioned series.

Signed by me in New York city this 3d day of October, 1903.

v FREDERIC W. HILLARD.

Witnesses:

GEO. N. -CHADWICK, R. G. DAVIS.

ITO 

